The final results, released early on Monday morning, showed the far-right Rassemblement National (RN) party well in the lead with 33.4 percent of the votes.
They were followed by the alliance of leftist parties, called the Nouveau Front Populaire on 28 percent, Macron's centrist group Ensemble on 20.8 percent, and the right-wing Les Republicains party on 10.2 percent.
Turnout was 66.7 percent, the highest for the first round of a legislative election since 1997.
READ MORE: Will the French far-right get a majority in parliament?
After the results were released, Macron called for a "broad democratic alliance" against the far-right.
"Faced with the Rassemblement National, the time has come for a broad, clearly democratic and republican alliance for the second round," he said in a statement.
He also said that the high turnout in the first round spoke of "the importance of this vote for all our compatriots and the desire to clarify the political situation."
What next after the first round of voting?
France's longtime far-right leader Marine Le Pen said on Sunday voters needed to give her party an absolute majority in the second round of parliamentary elections so party chief Jordan Bardella can become premier.
"We need an absolute majority for Jordan Bardella to be appointed Prime Minister by Emmanuel Macron in eight days' time.
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"The French have unequivocally shown their desire to turn the page on seven years of contemptuous, corrosive power. However, nothing is certain and the second round will be decisive," she said.
The far-right's Jordan Bardella said: "The French people have handed down a clear verdict."
Bardella said he wanted to be the prime minister "of all French" who is respectful of the constitution in a "cohabitation" with President Emmanuel Macron, but "uncompromising".
Jean-Luc Mélenchon of the Nouveau Front Populaire leftist alliance said on Sunday that President Emmanuel Macron's centrist alliance had suffered a "heavy and indisputable" defeat in snap polls and urged French people to vote against the far-right.
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